In Nigeria, one promising tactic for getting nutrient-dense fresh fruits and vegetables to communities with high rates of malnutrition starts with a simple swap: trading traditional raffia baskets for plastic crates when transporting tomatoes from farm to market.
“These perishable foods, you’ve got to move them, and they’ve got to get to market fast, and they’ve got to be safe,” says Bonnie McClafferty, the food value chain director at theGlobal Alliance for Improved Nutrition(GAIN). “Everybody wants to look at staples. Staples are easy, you can put them in a silo. But because these foods are so tender, you need to look at an entirely different infrastructure that has to be well-timed, well-honed, and well-managed.”
改善基础设施以确保更新鲜，健康的食物实际上可以到达需要它的人的重点营养后损失联盟（计划），收获之一supply chain intervention programs。
尽管许多组织一直以各种创新的方式解决全球食品浪费问题，但计划通过在粮食损失和营养损失之间划清界限，并实施减少农场门与消费者之间的废物的解决方案，采取独特的方法。。
How the PLAN works
PLAN is a global platform, and GAIN engages governments and private sector businesses around the world in conversations about how postharvest loss affects nutrition.“We collect global standards, we help design other projects, and we have global dialogues around the topic,” McClafferty explains, “but I think its big strength and the emphasis is in-country.”
In individual countries, GAIN connects with local governments and businesses to identify commodities that have a high rate of postharvest loss and that, if access were increased, could potentially improve nutrition outcomes for the population.
然后，它与企业合作，找出是什么原因导致供应链中的废物以及如何通过改进制冷，运输物流和处理设施的位置来解决问题。
One major strength is that since PLAN is a global partnership, McClafferty says the organization can draw on the expertise of companies that have already perfected supply chain operations elsewhere. In the US, for example, “It took us years to get Salinas Valley Romaine to the East Coast so you didn’t lose it within three or four days,” she says. “So the idea is to help bring these innovations and knowledge over so that we don’t have to go through this incredibly painful transformation in the food system that takes a long time.”
计划只是在埃塞俄比亚起步。在印度尼西亚，已经确定了一种商品，企业现在正在提交想法，以改善新鲜鱼类后的新鲜鱼类的方法。然而，在尼日利亚，计划已经启动了近两年，已经产生了重大影响。
番茄运输
According to Unicef，有600万尼日利亚儿童（该国近40％的儿童）受阻（定义为年龄长期营养不良或高度的年龄），在2015年，有一半以上的人在2015年。五岁以下的儿童中有30％是也缺乏维生素A，Acondition这是世界上可预防的童年失明的主要原因。
番茄作为丰满的英雄出现。除了C和K（例如C和K）等许多其他重要的维生素外，它是维生素A的重要来源A。提供建议的每日价值约为20％。
PLAN senior project manager Augustine Okoruwa explains that tomatoes are also ubiquitous in Nigeria. Of the vegetables consumed at home in the country, he said tomatoes make up anywhere from 50 to 80 percent. Nigerian farmers also produce a lot of tomatoes and most are eaten fresh as opposed to being destined for processing.
问题在于，北部农民种植了180万吨的西红柿，只有大约50％的人进入了南部的大型市场，例如拉各斯。Okoruwa说：“ Gain进行了分析，并确定了重后问题，并将番茄确定为最高收获后损失最高的农作物之一。”“当我们进行供应链映射时，很明显，在某些关键点发生了巨大的损失。”
首先：板条箱。农民在崎bump的道路上长距离运输西红柿，当他们被包装在拉菲亚篮子内时，许多人被摧毁了。计划确定了一个事实，即塑料箱将更有效地保护西红柿，然后将板条箱用于17个市场。然后，计划成员购买了80,000多个塑料箱，每个塑料箱平均含有20公斤的新鲜西红柿。
另一个主要的干预措施是通过资助冷藏设施和冷藏卡车来改善冷链，因此在进入市场之前会破坏的西红柿更少。Okoruwa表示，计划在尼日利亚的工作将冷藏量的农产品从6吨增加到100吨增加。他说：“这意味着这种农产品不会浪费，而是会吸引最佳状态的消费者。”他说，今年早些时候，当他们测量了一些通过新板条箱和冷藏库做出改进的公司的后损失率时，他们发现生产商已将损失率降低到5％左右。
Now, PLAN Nigeria is supporting local businesses to create a Cold Chain Association that will support the growth of Nigeria’s Cold Chain sector. It has also held 20 workshops to train 850 individuals on topics like food safety, crating, and cold chain coordination. That development points to an important fact: it’s not just about tomatoes.
麦克拉弗蒂说：“干预本身就是我所说的水平。”“因此，如果我们改善了西红柿的仓储，则可以用多种营养食品代替。因此，它的影响更大。”
