这是Vitalii Dankevych对俄罗斯对乌克兰战争的一系列第二次。阅读部分一，，，，三，，，，and四个。For those of you looking to help those in need, please donate toWorld Central Kitchen， 这联合国世界粮食计划，和Global FoodBanking Network。
Even before the start of Russia’s war against Ukraine, food prices were rising significantly. In January 2022, world prices for basic foodstuffs reached record levels. And military action against Ukraine will cause a significant increase in world food prices.
乌克兰是世界粮食出口商的前五名，因此在不到一个月的时间里，全世界都会感受到战争在乌克兰的影响。根据美国农业部的数据，乌克兰占世界玉米出口的16％（占中国的30％来自乌克兰的玉米进口），12％的小麦出口和50％的葵花籽油出口。黑海地区的供应中断将影响全球粮食的总体可用性。
Food security in Ukraine and the countries of the Middle East and North Africa, which are the main importers of food from Ukraine, depend significantly on farmers being able to plant crops on time. Currently, the most difficult spring sowing in the history of independent Ukraine is occurring. Farmers are simply not able to get into fields because they and their communities are fighting to survive. According to a survey of farmers conducted by “Mind,” the biggest problem is getting fuel into fields, followed by availability of fertilizers, seeds, plant protection products, and spare parts for equipment.
农民通常在3月的第三个月播种，具体取决于天气条件。早春作物，例如小麦，大麦，燕麦，豌豆，低芥酸菜籽，一些蔬菜在这段时间通常也在种植，因为它们需要水分。此外，对于许多农民来说，还必须施肥冬季谷物和其他农作物，包括小麦，黑麦和菜籽。
There is also a huge demand for labor.Many farm workers have now joined the armed forces and territorial defense. Farmers are operating without the necessary labor to get crops in the ground and also facing the threat of bombs.
Farm machinery obviously need fuel, but they also need lubricant. These are supplies that Ukrainian farmers typically would get from Russia or elsewhere.今天，乌克兰不能向侵略者国家购买燃料。他们迫切需要找到替代供应商。
Ports are extremely important to Ukraine.The country’s economy is highly dependent on international trade, and more than 60 percent of Ukrainian exports go through seaports. In turn, the Ukrainian economy is very open and integrated into world trade.
One of the biggest impacts of the war against Ukraine will be on the availability of artificial fertilizers and plant protection products。Russia’s invasion into Ukraine could lead to long-term disruptions in global supplies of potash and nitrogen fertilizers to crops.
乌克兰种植粮食作物的主要领域直接与俄罗斯和白俄罗斯接壤，由于俄罗斯和白俄罗斯的侵略，最近几天一直在战斗。结果，这些地区的播种作物是复杂或不可能的。
The Ministry of Agrarian Policy has launched a platform to help sow 2022 to identify the needs of farmers for a successful start and to help close those needs. The Ministry of Agrarian Policy has taken on additional functions to coordinate the distribution of everything needed to ensure the 2022 sowing campaign.
Looking at the patriotism, perseverance, and dedication of domestic agrarians, who show themselves best on all fronts of our country’s defense against Russian aggression, we are confident that we will also win on the agrarian front.
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照片由Olga Subach提供
