一种newstudyfrom the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future finds that further research is needed to determine the impacts of meat alternatives on the environment, animal welfare, and public health.
The article, “Considering Plant-Based Meat Substitutes and Cell-Based Meats: A Public Health and Food Systems Perspective,” summarizes the impacts of traditional meat and its alternatives on the environment, animal welfare, and human health. The study compares plant-based meat substitutes created from vegetable protein, cell-based meat grown from animal muscle tissue, and traditionally farmed meat from whole animals.
Livestock production is responsible for14.5 percent据联合国食品和农业组织称，温室气体排放是气候变化的主要贡献者。养殖肉类的反对者还引用了动物福利作为另一个问题的考虑拥挤的设施andpainful bodily alterations。红色和加工的肉类消费与increased risksof chronic diseases like coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes.
The lead researcher of the review, Raychel Santo, tells Food Tank that these meat alternatives are often “marketed as a way to address issues” that farmed meat is often associated with. But the study finds that the answers may not be so straightforward.
为了应对环境问题，研究人员发现，基于植物的替代品可以是more environmentally beneficial因为这些产品的开发会散发出更少的温室气体，并消耗较少的水和土地。但是研究人员发现，基于细胞的肉可能具有更大的温室气体占地面积，并可能使用更多的水和能量输入。
The study also finds that both farmed meat alternatives have the potential to substantially reduce the number of animals that are raised and slaughtered for consumption. But while plant-based substitutes require no animals, the technology to ethically source animal cells for cell-based meat production is limited. Currently, cell-based meats are stillanimal-derived。
研究人员探索了诸如Beyond Meat之类的公司的主张，这些公司经常宣传肉类替代品与养殖肉类的健康益处。
根据审查，基于植物的替代品不一定会导致更健康的饮食模式。被认为是超级加工的食物，植物性替代品可以包含大量钠, which is often linked tohypertension和其他心血管疾病。研究人员还发现，关于基于细胞的肉类的营养含量的信息很少。
Santo告诉食品坦克：w88优德老虎机平台“专注于[肉类替代品]的环境和动物福利，将会更加准确。”
凭借有关肉类替代品的文献有限，作者得出结论，仍然需要更多独立的研究。他们发现，许多现有研究是由开发或促进肉类替代品的公司资助的。为了更好地了解产品如何影响食品系统，作者希望更多的研究人员将研究基于植物的替代品和基于细胞的肉类的经济，社会文化和政策影响。
基于植物的替代品more popular，预计基于细胞的肉将是可用于消费者在2021年。但是，圣托告诉食品罐，无论其来源如何w88优德老虎机平台，蛋白质消耗都可以带来环境，动物福利和公共健康成本。因此，研究人员认为，这些产品与养殖肉相同。桑托告诉食品坦克说：“我希望[评论]已经开始围绕我们可以吃的其他食物来满足我们的蛋白质需求进行对话。”w88优德老虎机平台
Photo courtesy of Benjamin Davies, Unsplash
